Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how the body processes blood sugar (glucose). It is caused by a lack of insulin (type 1) or resistance to insulin (type 2). Here are the main symptoms and early signs of diabetes, as well as the treatment options available.

Symptoms and early signs of diabetes:

Increased thirst and frequent urination

Blurred vision

Fatigue

Slow-healing cuts or bruises

Hunger and weight loss (type 1)

Increased appetite and weight gain (type 2)

Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet

Dry mouth, skin and eyes

Treatment of diabetes:

Diet and exercise: Maintaining a healthy diet and engaging in physical activity can help control blood sugar levels.

Medications: There are various medications that can help lower blood sugar levels, such as insulin, sulfonylureas, and GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Insulin therapy: People with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin every day to stay alive.

Self-monitoring: Regular self-monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential to adjust medications and lifestyle changes.

Complications screening: People with diabetes are at increased risk for complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and eye problems, so regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are important.

Prevention of diabetes:

Maintaining a healthy weight

Eating a healthy diet

Staying physically active

Quitting smoking

Limiting alcohol intake

It is important to recognize the symptoms and early signs of diabetes and seek treatment early to prevent complications. A combination of healthy lifestyle choices and medical intervention can effectively manage diabetes and improve quality of life.