What are the Symptoms of Burning Tongue Syndrome and the Treatment for Burning Tongue Syndrome?

Burning Tongue Syndrome (BTS) is a condition that causes a burning or scalding sensation on the tongue, lips, and other areas of the mouth. This condition can be extremely uncomfortable and may affect a person’s ability to eat, drink, or speak. It is estimated that approximately 1-10% of the general population experiences burning mouth syndrome. The exact cause of BTS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to nerve damage or dysfunction in the mouth.

Symptoms of Burning Tongue Syndrome

The most common symptom of BTS is a burning or scalding sensation on the tongue, lips, roof of the mouth, or other areas of the mouth. The intensity of the burning can vary from person to person, but it is often described as feeling like a hot or searing pain. In some cases, the burning can be accompanied by a metallic taste in the mouth. Other symptoms of BTS may include dry mouth, changes in the way food tastes, or a loss of taste sensation. Some people may also experience a burning or tingling sensation in the throat.

Risk Factors for Burning Tongue Syndrome

There are several factors that can increase a person’s risk of developing BTS. These include:

Age: BTS is most common in middle-aged women, although it can occur in people of any age.

Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes, such as menopause, can increase a person’s risk of developing BTS.

Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and depression, can increase a person’s risk of developing BTS.

Medications: Certain medications, such as those used to treat depression, anxiety, or high blood pressure, can increase a person’s risk of developing BTS.

Dental Problems: Dental problems, such as tooth loss or gum disease, can increase a person’s risk of developing BTS.

Diagnosis of Burning Tongue Syndrome

The diagnosis of BTS is made based on the symptoms described by the patient. A doctor may perform a physical examination of the mouth, including a visual examination of the tongue and other areas of the mouth, to look for any signs of infection or other causes of the burning sensation. The doctor may also perform a taste test to determine if there has been any loss of taste sensation. In some cases, the doctor may perform additional tests, such as a blood test or a biopsy of the mouth, to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.

Treatment for Burning Tongue Syndrome

There is currently no cure for BTS, but there are several treatments that can help to relieve the symptoms. These include:

Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help to relieve the burning sensation. In some cases, prescription medications, such as anticonvulsants or antidepressants, may be prescribed to help relieve the symptoms.

Mouth Rinses: Mouth rinses, such as those containing benzocaine or lidocaine, can help to relieve the burning sensation.

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Vitamin and mineral supplements, such as vitamin B12 or iron, may be recommended to help relieve the symptoms.

Lifestyle Changes: Making changes to your lifestyle, such as reducing stress and avoiding spicy or acidic foods, can help to relieve the symptoms of BTS.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of talk therapy, may be recommended to help relieve the symptoms of BTS.