Uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus. It is the most common type of gynecologic cancer in the United States, with an estimated 61,380 new cases and 11,620 deaths in 2020. The symptoms of uterine cancer can vary depending on the stage of the cancer and the individual, but there are some common signs to look out for.

Symptoms of Uterine Cancer

Early symptoms of uterine cancer may include abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pelvic pain or pressure, and a feeling of fullness in the pelvic area. As the cancer progresses, additional symptoms may include weight loss, fatigue, and anemia. It’s important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, so it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Diagnosis of uterine cancer typically begins with a pelvic exam and a Pap smear, which can detect abnormal cells in the cervix and uterus. Additional tests, such as an endometrial biopsy or a hysteroscopy, may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Imaging tests, such as a pelvic ultrasound or a CT scan, may also be used to determine the stage of the cancer and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

Treatment for Uterine Cancer

Treatment for uterine cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the individual’s overall health. Early-stage cancers may be treated with a hysterectomy, which is the surgical removal of the uterus. In some cases, a lymph node dissection may also be performed to remove any cancerous cells that have spread to the lymph nodes. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be used to treat early-stage cancers, or as a follow-up treatment to surgery.

In advanced stages, the cancer may have spread to other parts of the body. The treatment options in these cases may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. These are used to shrink the tumor or slow its growth. Hormonal therapy may also be used to block the effects of estrogen on the cancer cells. The treatment plan will be tailored to the individual patient and may also involve a team of specialists, such as a medical oncologist, radiation oncologist, and a gynecologic oncologist.

It’s important to note that uterine cancer can often be prevented or caught early through regular screenings and screenings. Women who are at a higher risk for developing the disease, such as those who are overweight or have a family history of the disease, should talk to their doctor about when to begin screenings and how often to have them.

In conclusion, uterine cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus. The symptoms of the disease can vary, but common signs include abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pelvic pain or pressure, and a feeling of fullness in the pelvic area. Treatment options depend on the stage of the cancer and the individual’s overall health and can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal therapy. Regular screenings and screenings can help detect the disease early and prevent it from progressing. Women who are at a higher risk should talk to their doctor about when to begin screenings and how often to have them.